Jung-hoon Kim, Gyeong Eun Lim, Sunyoung Kang, Kayoung Lee, Tae-jin Park, Jinseung Kim
Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
Background: World health organization (WHO) recommended daily sodium intake less than 2 g. To assess the
validity of WHO recommendation, we investigated the relationship between daily sodium intake and obesity.
Methods: A total of 14,694 participants aged ¡Ã19 years who had no missing data for nutrition, chronic disease,
health behavior, economic status and laboratory findings from the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (KNHANES-V), which was performed from 2010 to 2012. Obesity was defined as having
a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher. Daily sodium intake was calculated from 24 hour recall and divided into
five categories (£¼2 g, 2-4 g, 4-6 g, 6-8 g, ¡Ã8 g). The association between daily sodium intake and obesity
was analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.
Results: Higher sodium intake in men had an increased risk of obesity with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.27 for 2-4 g intake
(95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.67), 1.40 for 4-6 g intake (95% CI, 1.07-1.85), 1.41 for 6-8 g intake
(95% CI, 1.05-1.89), and 1.61 for ¡Ã8 g intake (95% CI, 1.19-2.18), compared to men with less than 2 g intake,
after adjusting for confounding factors. The P value for trend of ORs in each group for men was 0.020. In women,
compared to the lesser than 2 g intake, only ¡Ã8 g intake group had an OR of 1.28 (95% CI, 1.02-1.62) without
showing significant P for trend (P value for trend£½0.221)
Conclusions: We found that sodium intake more than 2 g per day was independently related to the increased
risk of obesity in men. Therefore, to minimize the risk of obesity, we suggest taking sodium less than 2 g per day.
Korean J Health Promot 2015;15(4):175-184
Keywords: Sodium, Obesity, Energy intake, World Health Organization |